Rất (Adv)
Situations
S1: In a math test, the class got 8 points, but Bá got 10.
Bá rất giỏi toán. (Bá is very good at mathematics.)
Rất expresses that Bá's result is higher than his peers.
S2: Bá scored 10 in math and 8 in physics. The teacher said:
Môn vật lý em Bá giỏi, còn môn toán, em rất giỏi. (In physics Bá is good, and in mathematics he is very good.)
His math score is much higher than his physics score.
Definition
Rất, as an adverb, expresses a higher level beyond the normal requirement of a certain nature, property, or state, according to the speaker's evaluation.
Related Expressions
-
rất, quá, lắm, hơi, khá: Rất is neutral and lacks the special nuances of the others. It is used in all contexts, especially in descriptive sentences. Cf. lắm2 (p. 201), quá (p. 317).
-
rất, thật (là), đến mức, đến nỗi:
[1a] Cô ấy rất đẹp. (She is very beautiful.)
[1b] Cô ấy thật (là) đẹp. (She is really beautiful.)
[1c] Cô ấy đẹp đến nỗi không anh sinh viên nào không mê cô ấy.
(She is so beautiful that every male student is crazy about her.)
- rất, cực kỳ, tuyệt vời: The absolute highest level.
[2a] Bộ phim này rất hay. (This film is very good.) [2b] Bộ phim này hay cực kỳ / cực kỳ hay. (This film is extremely good.) [2d] Bộ phim này hay tuyệt vời. (This film is wonderful.)
Tuyệt vời indicates the absolute highest level of a positive value.
Combinations
- rất là, rất đỗi, rất ư: Used in speaking to express attitude more clearly.
[1] Cô ấy trông rất là ngây thơ. (She looks very naive.) [2] Ông sống rất đỗi giản dị. (He lives extremely simply.) (Positive implication.) [3] Quyển sách này rất ư là khó hiểu. (This book is really hard to understand.)
- rất mực:
[4] Công chúa rất mực xinh đẹp. (The princess is so beautiful.)
- rất / quá / lắm do not go with words followed by ra, lên, lại, đi... Words like mập, ốm, vui, cao, etc., indicate a state. When combined with ra / đi / lên / lại..., they indicate a process and cannot take absolute degree words like rất.
- Cô ấy rất mập. (Correct) - *Cô ấy rất mập ra. (Incorrect)